Skip to main content
yanco Home
Menu
  • Home
  • watch
  • magazine
  • calendar
  • index
  • Subscribe
Search Log in
  • nl
  • en
You are here
  • Home
  • Magazine
  • In the Margins
À l’usage des vivants (Pauline Fonsny, 2019)
À l’usage des vivants (Pauline Fonsny, 2019)

In the Margins

Pauline Fonsny’s À l’usage des vivants

essay by
Inge Coolsaet
11.11.2022

On September 22, 1998, the young Nigerian asylum seeker Semira Adamu died during a violent deportation attempt. Fleeing a forced marriage, she arrived in Belgium, where she was detained for several months. Searching for the right formal fit for the story Adamu can no longer tell herself, Pauline Fonsny meticulously strings together archival material with contributions from other artists. It can be said to a certain extent that A l’usage des vivants, by gleaning input within a small community of mourning artists and activists, is an example of collective filmmaking. Artist Obi Okigbo provides her voice, hands, and face to Adamu. Scenographer Céline de Vos’ maquette situates the detention center 127bis in Steenokkerzeel, right next to the airport in Zaventem, and creates an establishing shot that turns into a crime scene while composer Alice Perret’s music maintains the subcutaneous tension.

The most important formal contributions of Fonsny herself are the lateral tracking shots that symbolically signal the solidary position of those involved in making the film—they stand beside Semira and walk with her—and, at the same time, portray the impenetrable nature of the buildings. Filming is not allowed in detention centers. Fonsny has no other choice but to film 127bis from the sidelines. The poem Boxon Recital by Maïa Chauvier expresses the urgency of witnessing the world from the margins early on and, doing so, punctuates the main narrative of the film. The lateral lens outlines the landscape where Semira and many others are trapped. As the lens moves along gates and fences of the soulless environment, a female guard walks into the frame from the opposite direction: “That’s not allowed”. It is a feeble rebuke, as if the woman doesn’t actually believe the legitimacy of her own words, and yet they seem to be directed as much to the act of filming as to the act of solidarity. In the aftermath of Semira Adamu’s murder, both the officers who killed her and the activists who helped her were taken to court. The authorities concluded that Semira would not be dead had she not resisted.

Other fences follow. The detention center is landlocked, and Semira locked in. The separation between the two worlds is sealed shut, but the cracks are showing. An overhead shot zooms in on dark gaps between parts of the miniature model. Something is off between the tiny moss clumps; the model's panels do not connect properly. The activists broke through to the detainees in 1998. Footage of Adamu eating an apple and watching television in 127bis was recorded illegally and smuggled out. So were her notes describing daily life at the center, and broadcast on national television two months before her death. In line with the work of the activist collective Getting the Voice Out, in which she is involved, Fonsny is ensuring, with the help of others, that Semira’s smothered voice still breaks through twenty years later.

In his book Cinémas en communs, French researcher Robert Bonamy examines several communal forms in cinema, forms that choose plural over singular as they arise where our various imaginations overlap. He finds examples of such forms in shared fringes, communes, lisières. In those liminal spaces, porous interstices unencumbered by the clearly defined but arbitrarily imposed (state)borders, he finds the possibility for different and perhaps freer forms of filmmaking. In the margins of time and space, filming with a community can grow into filmmaking for a community. Fonsny holds a mirror to the viewer in the same way Alain Resnais did in Nuit et Brouillard, which shares a predilection for lateral tracking shots with A l’usage des vivants. Resnais recounted the horrors of the Second World War ten years after the facts. Like him, she resolutely chooses one particular side of history. Like him, she does not shy away from using brutal images to do so twenty years after Semira’s death. By employing the footage recorded by the officers on the plane during the forcible deportation, she makes us witnesses to the murder. “They killed a woman but not her struggle,” was the slogan people chanted in the streets of Brussels to commemorate Adamu. Pauline Fonsny’s film carries on both the remembrance and the fight and, as the title suggests, exhorts the living to do the same.

Institutional violence, collective negligence, and racist immigration policies remain nevertheless unbothered. The year in which the film was made, 2018, was tainted by the blood of the now-forever little Mawda Shawri, whom the ending credits inevitably refer to. As Chauvier wrote: “Cela dure encore, cela dure toujours.” The struggle is never over, and like Mawda’s and Semira’s blood, it leaves stubborn, indelible stains.

Read more

À l’usage des vivants

Pauline Fonsny, Belgium, 2019, 27’

In 1998, Semira Adamu, a 20-year-old Nigerian immigrant, died on Belgian soil of suffocation under a police pillow. Twenty years later, two women tell her story in a cry for justice. Through this film, they highlight the reality of detention centres: the harsh conditions of confinement, the suffering of detainees and the abuse by guards and police officers.

Read more

    Bio Inge Coolsaet

    Inge Coolsaet is co-founder and co-editor of the Belgian film magazine Fantômas. She currently works at argos centre for audiovisual arts in Brussels, valorising its collections through film programmes and editorial projects. She has previously worked at the Royal Film Archive of Belgium and taught classes on videographic film criticism.

    read more

    10th of November | 09:05 (Els Opsomer, 2008)
    10th of November | 09:05 (Els Opsomer, 2008)
    essay
    Read more

    Who’s Still Standing?

    Els Opsomer’s 10th of November | 09:05

    Öykü Sofuoğlu
    10.11.2025

    Foreignness always operates in varying degrees and can easily be internalised as self-exoticisation or through voluntary and involuntary alienation. Nevertheless, watching a film about your home country through a foreign gaze is always a startling experience. The images appear uncannily alien, akin to a non-native speaking in your mother tongue: no matter how impeccable their linguistic knowledge and proficiency, their intonations inevitably inhabit an absence, turning familiar words into strange, peculiar objects.

    Read more
    © The Vampires of Poverty (Carlos Mayolo, Luis Ospina, 1977)
    artikel
    Read more

    Porno miseria: het begin van een einde?

    Over The Vampires of Poverty van Luis Ospina en Carlos Mayolo

    Bo Alfaro Decreton
    14.11.2019

    In The Vampires of Poverty uiten Luis Ospina en Carlos Mayolo kritiek op exportdocumentaires die ellende verheerlijken.

    Read more
    © White Cloud / 白云 (Emmanuel Van der Auwera, 2023)
    White Cloud / 白云 (Emmanuel Van der Auwera, 2023)
    article
    Read more

    White Clouds in a Dark Age

    Emmanuel Van der Auwera’s White Cloud / 白云

    Ive Stevenheydens
    28.07.2025

    In this so-called post-truth era, the line between fact and fiction has blurred into a matter of style: what appears plausible is accepted as real. The rise of generative artificial intelligence has not merely accelerated this disintegration but formalised it. Truth is no longer something to be discovered, but something to be produced. Within this context, White Cloud / 白云 by Emmanuel Van der Auwera functions as a case study of the destabilisation of truth, image, and representation.

    Read more
    Gestes du repas (Luc de Heusch, 1958)
    Gestes du repas (Luc de Heusch, 1958)
    essay
    Read more

    Ceci n’est pas un steak frites

    Luc de Heusch’s Gestes du repas (1958)

    Bjorn Gabriels
    08.06.2024

    In Gestes du repas, Luc de Heusch (1927-2012) shows a series of Belgian eating rituals, from breastfeeding to a funeral dinner, from meals in the factory canteen to a cold buffet held right under a Last Supper at the Museum of Fine Arts in Brussels. De Heusch envisioned his short documentary as a portrait of Belgian society. More than merely a symphony of sipping, smacking, and slurping, a succession of social codes is portrayed in various sections of the population. Rituals interested both the anthropologist and the filmmaker De Heusch, who worked in a time full of upheavals in the relationship between those two disciplines.

    Read more
    © Oumoun (Fairuz & El Moïz Ghammam, 2017)
    Oumoun (Fairuz & El Moïz Ghammam, 2017)
    essay
    Read more

    Listening Images

    Fairuz & El Moïz Ghammam’s Oumoun

    Arta Barzanji
    08.10.2025

    “Listen, Grandma.” These words appear on a black screen, a summons that feels more like a pact than a simple instruction. Before any image emerges, there is a clear call to pay attention. Next, the first image surfaces and does so without flourish: in a fixed frame, an old woman is seated amid a room where life has been packed up —boxes, bags, bedding, a stool with a pair of sandals. A bright red sheet draped over a box commands our attention; it is a rectangular blaze that both hides and announces its contents. The woman props her left arm and leans forward just enough to demonstrate that listening requires posture.

    Read more
    © Past Perfect (Jorge Jácome, 2019)
    artikel
    Read more

    Lijden in verleden tijd

    Jorge Jácome’s Past Perfect

    Bo Alfaro Decreton
    22.01.2020

    Leed neemt verschillende vormen aan. Het filmisch essay Past Perfect duwt ons, vanuit een ontreddering, kopje onder het verleden in.

    Read more
    Lettre à Mohamed (Christine Moderbacher, 2013)
    Lettre à Mohamed (Christine Moderbacher, 2013)
    essay
    Read more

    An Archaeology of Moments

    Christine Moderbacher’s Lettre à Mohamed

    Alonso Aguilar
    30.04.2025

    Christine Moderbachers Lettre à Mohamed (2013) is een audiovisuele brief in de puurste vorm. Door gebruik te maken van de grenzeloze mogelijkheden van het format, lijkt de film op geen enkele andere manier te kunnen bestaan. Wij, als kijkers, weten nauwelijks iets over de titulaire Mohamed. Hij heeft Tunesië verlaten, zoveel is duidelijk, en nu krijgt hij de veranderingen te zien die sindsdien in zijn land hebben plaatsgevonden, vanuit het perspectief en de opnames van zijn bevriende filmmaker.

    Read more
    Henry is a Girl Who Likes to Sleep (Marthe Peters, 2026)
    Henry is a Girl Who Likes to Sleep (Marthe Peters, 2026)
    article
    Read more

    In the Bosom of Images

    Marthe Peters’ Henry is a Girl Who Likes to Sleep (2026)

    Öykü Sofuoğlu
    31.03.2026

    Henry is a Girl Who Likes to Sleep finds the filmmaker once again looking back at herself, this time by orienting her gaze toward her beloved cat, the titular Henry—a chubby white feline with tricoloured splotches on her fur. Throughout the film, Marthe Peters delivers a playful voice-over addressed to Henry, drawing comparisons between their bodies, their unique habits and traits, while also questioning the love and affection she may be burdening her cat with.

    Read more

    Subscribe to our monthly newsletter for updates on new releases, publications, and events!

    Subscribe

    yanco is a magazine and streaming library for short-form moving image

    kortfilm.be vzw
    Boondaalse Steenweg 249
    1050 Elsene
    BE 0478 441 315
    info@yanco.be

    with the support of the Flanders Audiovisual Fund (VAF) of the Flemish Government

    VAF
    • about
    • colophon
    • privacy policy
    Facebook Instagram LinkedIn YouTube Letterboxd
    design by de Ronners
    website by eps en kaas